RANG TEKNIK JOURNAL, merupakan Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Ilmiah yang diterbitkan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat yang terbit 2 (dua) kali dalam setahun. Penyunting menerima kiriman naskah hasil kajian dan penelitian untuk bidang 1. Teknik Elektro 2. Teknik Sipil 3. Teknik Mesin 4. Teknologi Informasi P-ISSN : 2599-2082 E-ISSN : 2599-2090
Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat
Rang Teknik Journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM PENGATUR SUHU BERBASIS FUZZY LOGIC PADA DISTILASI ETANOL TETES TEBU
Proses distilasi etanol dari tetes tebu membutuhkan pengendalian suhu yang presisi untuk memperoleh kadar etanol yang optimal. Sistem kendali konvensional sering mengalami fluktuasi dan keterlambatan respons sehingga menurunkan efisiensi proses. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem pengendalian suhu berbasis logika fuzzy yang mampu meningkatkan kestabilan suhu pemanasan secara otomatis. Sensor termokopel tipe J dengan modul MAX6675 digunakan untuk mengukur suhu, sementara mikrokontroler Arduino memproses data menggunakan algoritma fuzzy dan menghasilkan sinyal PWM untuk mengatur daya pemanas melalui dimmer AC metode pemotongan sudut fasa. Evaluasi kinerja dilakukan dengan menguji sistem pada berbagai kondisi kerja distilasi yang merepresentasikan kebutuhan operasional proses. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu mencapai suhu target dalam 20–28 menit dengan error keadaan tunak kurang dari ±0,1°C dan overshoot yang minimal. Proses distilasi menghasilkan peningkatan volume dan kadar etanol secara signifikan, dengan rata-rata konsentrasi 33–37%. Temuan ini membuktikan bahwa pengendali logika fuzzy efektif dan adaptif untuk distilasi etanol skala laboratorium serta berpotensi untuk diterapkan pada skala industri.
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ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN METODE PRACETAK DAN KONVENSIONAL PADA PEMBANGUNAN RUSUN PASPAMPRES IKN
Dalam upaya mewujudkan pembangunan perkotaan yang ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan, pemilihan metode konstruksi tidak dapat sembarangan. Beton pracetak dipilih karena lebih cepat dan efisien dibandingkan metode konvensional yang mengandalkan pengecoran di lokasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan waktu, biaya, dan mutu elemen struktur menggunakan metode konvensional dan pracetak. Metode yang digunakan adalah perhitungan volume pekerjaan, serta pemantauan siklus pengecoran kedua metode, serta hasil uji beton dan daftar cacat pekerjaan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat selisih biaya sebesar Rp 3.356.048.243 atau sekitar 8,64%, di mana metode pracetak menunjukkan biaya yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan metode konvensional. Dengan selisih waktu 57 hari, metode pracetak terbukti memberikan efisiensi waktu sekitar 35%. Ditemukan adanya selisih sebanyak 164 item, atau sekitar 32% lebih banyak cacat pada struktur pracetak dibandingkan dengan metode konvensional. Kesimpulan, Signifikansi, dan Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah meskipun lebih cepat, kualitas pemasangan pada metode pracetak tetap perlu diperhatikan agar hasil akhir tetap memenuhi standar yang diharapkan.
PEMODELAN HIDRODINAMIKA DAN PENENTUAN TIPE MUARA DI MUARA SUNGAI MALALAYANG KOTA MANADO
Muara Sungai Malalayang di Kota Manado merupakan sistem muara tropis yang dinamis dan dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara debit sungai, pasang surut, dan kondisi morfologi perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik hidrodinamika serta menentukan tipe muara Sungai Malalayang berdasarkan dominasi energi pembentuknya. Pemodelan hidrodinamika dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak MIKE 21 Flow Model FM berbasis metode elemen hingga dua dimensi dengan input data batimetri, pasang surut, debit sungai, dan angin tahun 2024. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa pola arus di perairan muara relatif mengarah ke utara, dengan variasi kecepatan arus yang dipengaruhi oleh fluktuasi pasang surut dan debit sungai. Fenomena backwater teridentifikasi di area muara, namun secara umum proses hidrodinamika didominasi oleh aliran sungai. Kondisi ini didukung oleh keberadaan sedimentasi di depan muara yang teramati dari hasil analisis dan citra satelit. Berdasarkan karakteristik tersebut, Muara Sungai Malalayang diklasifikasikan sebagai muara yang didominasi oleh aliran sungai. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar dalam pengelolaan wilayah pesisir dan perencanaan lingkungan di kawasan Malalayang. Keywords: Hidrodinamika, MIKE 21, Manado, Pemodelan Numerik, Tipe Muara
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PENGGUNAAN BEKISTING PADA PEKERJAAN MUT PROYEK RUSUN PASPAMPRES IKN
The use of conventional formwork and formwork systems in Multi Utility Tunnel (MUT) construction projects has focused on cost efficiency, quality of work results, and implementation time. A case study was conducted on the Paspampres Flats construction project in the Indonesian Capital City (IKN)Abdullah (2024). The analysis involved identifying material, labor, and equipment costs, evaluating the quality of concrete casting, and measuring the duration of installation, casting, and dismantling. The findings indicate that system formwork outperforms conventional formwork across all three aspects. In terms of cost, system formwork is more efficient for large and repetitive projects as it can be reused multiple times and reduces material waste. Rossaty and Safitri (2022)Regarding quality, system formwork produces smoother, more precise concrete surfaces with minimal leakage. From the perspective of time, the modular characteristics of system formwork accelerate installation and dismantling processes. Therefore, the application of system formwork in MUT projects proves to be more optimal and aligns with modern construction efficiency principles, emphasizing faster execution and enhanced structural quality. Keywords: Conventional formwork, system formwork, cost efficiency, concrete quality, project duration, Multi Utility Tunnel (MUT)
ANALISIS KETERLAMBATAN PROYEK PENINGKATAN JALAN KREMBUNG-MOJORUNTUT KABUPATEN SIDOARJO
Delays are a frequent challenge in construction projects, often arising from a combination of internal and external factors. This study focuses on analyzing delays in the Krembung–Mojoruntut Road Improvement Project in Sidoarjo Regency. A quantitative approach was adopted, utilizing the Earned Value Management (EVM) method to assess both cost and time performance. Data were collected from contract documents, S-curves, daily reports, and weekly progress updates spanning 27 weeks of project implementation. The analysis centered on three key indicators: Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled (BCWS), Budgeted Cost of Work Performed (BCWP), and Actual Cost of Work Performed (ACWP). The findings reveal that the project experienced delays almost every week, with varying degrees of deviation, necessitating two schedule addendums. In the 26th week, the Schedule Performance Index (SPI) was 0.96, indicating a slight lag behind schedule, while the Cost Performance Index (CPI) was 1.05, showing that the project remained cost-efficient. The estimated total cost at completion (Estimate at Completion/EAC) was Rp10,067,384,650.67, slightly below the original contract value, while the estimated completion time (Estimate at Schedule/EAS) aligned with the revised target, thanks to the additional time granted through the addendums. Key factors contributing to the delays included late material procurement, adverse weather conditions, and less-than-optimal workforce management (Kharina & Sambowo; Mahapatni & Putra, 2022). Keywords: Project Delay, Estimate At Completion, Estimate At Schedule
DARI LIMBAH MENJADI KEKUATAN: REKAYASA MATERIAL KONSTRUKSI BERKELANJUTAN, MENGIDENTIFIKASI STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN MATERIAL MAJU BERBASIS SAMPAH PLASTIK: PENDEKATAN SWOT-AHP TERINTEGRASI
This research aims to identify strategies for developing construction materials based on plastic waste to address environmental issues and support sustainable construction. The urgency of this research is based on the increasing volume of waste at the Sumompo landfill in Manado City, which reaches around 330 tonnes per day, as well as challenges in implementing construction materials made from plastic waste. Waste management in Manado faces complex and interrelated problems. Previous research has shown the technical potential of waste polymer bricks and concrete, but it is still constrained by industrial readiness, regulations, and public acceptance. The integration of these issues points to the urgency of research into the development of applicable plastic waste-based construction materials. Therefore, this study focuses on the utilisation of plastic waste as a construction material to reduce environmental impact and improve the sustainability of the construction sector. The analysis approach in the existing waste management system at the Sumompo landfill site, Evaluation of Plastic Waste Management and Utilisation using a SWOT-AHP-based strategy approach. SWOT analysis is used to identify internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats). Subsequently, AHP is used to prioritise implementation strategies, with the findings of the analysis showing that a multi-sector approach is needed to optimise the use of plastic waste as a construction material, taking into account industry readiness, regulations, and public acceptance as key factors for successful implementation. These findings provide strategic recommendations for the development of environmentally friendly construction materials. The results of the weighting of the strategic goals of technological feasibility, environmental impact, and policy and regulatory framework development are still high. Keywords: Sustainable Construction Materials, Plastic Waste, SWOT-AHP Analysis
ANALISA PENGARUH PERILAKU U-TURN PADA KINERJA LALU LINTAS PADA JALAN PERKOTAAN (STUDI KASUS: JL. JENDERAL SUPRAPTO)
U-turn planning is regulated by several Indonesian regulations, such as the Regulation on Separator Planning Procedures No. 014/T/BNTK/1990, the Specification for Lane Separator Openings, SKSNIS-04-1990 F, and the U-Turn Planning Module (U-Turn Planning Guidelines), No. 06/BM/2005. According to these regulations, u-turns cannot be too wide or too narrow, and the number of u-turns on a single road section is also regulated, as is their position. Therefore, in this context, u-turns are not always a solution for traffic efficiency. They can be a nuisance if not properly planned. The analysis was conducted in several stages. First, a visual calculation was performed to determine the average delay caused by the u-turn. Second, an appropriate traffic model was found to obtain traffic parameters and predict future traffic events. The traffic model was determined using linear regression and selected using the chi-square test. Third, calculate the traffic parameters if the delays identified in the first stage are removed, then compare the parameters from the first stage (where delays are present) with the parameters from the third stage (where delays are absent). The initial hypothesis in this study is that delays will positively impact traffic performance. This is based on the results of previous research mentioned above. Keywords: u-turn, traffic performance, delay, traffic model, regression
PENGARUH VARIASI PEMBEBANAN TERHADAP KINERJA MOTOR PRIMARY AIR FAN 3 FASA, 6 KV UNIT 1 DI PLTU TELUK SIRIH
Motor PAF 3 fasa, 6 kV merupakan salah satu motor induksi yang digunakan di PLTU Teluk Sirih untuk menghasilkan tekanan udara yang masuk ke ruang bakar (boiler). Pada Unit 1 PLTU Teluk Sirih terdapat 2 buah motor PAF. Motor PAF dalam perubahan beban harian mengalami perubahan pada kinerja Motor seperti : Daya masukan, Daya reaktif, Daya keluaran dan Torsi motor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji dan melihat kinerja Motor PAF 3 fasa, 6 kV terhadap perubahan beban harian pada saat perfomance test pembangkit. Dari hasil analisa diperoleh bahwa semakin bertambahnya beban pembangkit maka daya masukan, daya keluaran dan Torsi motor juga naik dimana pada jam 18.00 beban pembangkit 95 MW untuk PAF A didapat daya masukan tertinggi 961,2918 kW, daya keluaran 915,1498 kW, daya reaktif 459,2839 KVAR dan torsi motor 5864,165 Nm, untuk PAF B didapat pada jam 18.00 beban pembangkit 95 MW dengan daya masukan tertinggi 957,3682 kW, daya keluaran 911,4145 kW, daya reaktif 457,4092 KVAR dan torsi motor 5840,229 Nm. Kata kunci : Motor Induksi, Daya dan Torsi Motor
ANALISIS EFISIENSI DAN KONTRIBUSI SUMUR JIAT PNI-79 TERHADAP SWASEMBADA PANGAN KABUPATEN KUPANG
Ketersediaan air irigasi merupakan faktor penting dalam menjaga keberlanjutan produksi pertanian, terutama di wilayah semi-arid yang memiliki keterbatasan air permukaan dan ketergantungan tinggi terhadap air tanah. Di Kabupaten Kupang, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur, sistem Jaringan Irigasi Air Tanah (JIAT) dikembangkan untuk menjamin pasokan air irigasi sepanjang tahun. Namun, keberlanjutan operasional JIAT sangat dipengaruhi oleh efisiensi energi pada sistem pemompaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja sistem JIAT PNI-79 melalui perbandingan penggunaan pompa berbasis mesin diesel dan pompa berbasis listrik PLN, dengan fokus pada efisiensi energi, biaya operasional, efektivitas distribusi air, dan produktivitas pertanian. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus dengan analisis deskriptif komparatif berdasarkan data teknis, ekonomi, dan operasional yang diperoleh dari survei lapangan, wawancara, dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sumur JIAT PNI-79 dengan debit operasional 10 l/det dan rasio layanan sekitar 1 l/det/ha mampu memenuhi kebutuhan irigasi lahan seluas 10 ha di wilayah semi-arid. Peralihan penggerak pompa dari mesin diesel ke listrik PLN menurunkan biaya operasional sekitar 50% serta meningkatkan kontinuitas operasi dan efektivitas distribusi air. Peningkatan efisiensi energi tersebut berdampak positif terhadap produktivitas pertanian dan peluang diversifikasi komoditas bernilai ekonomi lebih tinggi. Kata kunci: Irigasi air tanah, JIAT, wilayah semi-arid, efisiensi energi, elektrifikasi pertanian
SISTEM INFORMASI PENERIMAAN MURID BARU (SPMB) BERBASIS WEBSITE PADA SMP NEGERI 1 TANJUNG AGUNG
Abstract : SMP Negeri 1 Tanjung Agung is one of the public junior high schools in Muara Enim Regency that experiences an increase in the number of new student registrants every year. Based on school administrative data, the number of prospective students in the 2024 school year was recorded at 466 students and increased to 687 students in the 2025 school year. However, the New Student Admission System (SPMB) process is still carried out manually using registration forms that must be obtained and filled out directly at the school. This situation causes various problems, such as limited service time, backlogs of applicants, the risk of data loss or damage, and inefficient data management and storage processes. This study aims to develop a website-based New Student Admission Information System (SPMB) at SMP Negeri 1 Tanjung Agung that can manage the registration process in an integrated manner, starting from online registration, filling in prospective student data, uploading required files, administrative selection, to the announcement of admission results. The system development method used is the waterfall method, which includes the stages of requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. The results of this study are expected to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the SPMB committee, facilitate parents or guardians of prospective students in registering, and improve the quality of data management and information services at SMP Negeri 1 Tanjung Agung in a transparent and structured manner. Keywords: Information System, New Student Admission, Website, Waterfall
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PERHITUNGAN VOLUME METODE BIM DAN METODE KONVENSIONAL (STUDI KASUS: GEDUNG BANK MANDIRI PALEMBANG)
The advancement of digital technology has encouraged the construction industry to improve efficiency, accuracy, and cost control through the implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM). This study compares concrete volume calculations using the conventional two-dimensional method and the BIM-based approach with Autodesk Revit. The case study focuses on the construction of the Bank Mandiri Building in Palembang, a 12-storey reinforced concrete structure consisting of bored piles, pilecaps, columns, beams, and slabs. The conventional method involved identifying structural dimensions from AutoCAD drawings and calculating volumes using Microsoft Excel based on geometric formulas, while the BIM method was conducted by developing a three-dimensional structural model in Revit and extracting quantities through the schedule/quantities feature. The comparison was analysed by calculating the percentage difference between both methods. The results show that the overall difference in concrete volume is 0.1599%, indicating a relatively small deviation. The average differences for bored piles and pilecaps are minimal, while columns, beams, and slabs show slightly higher variations, with beams and slabs presenting the largest discrepancies. These differences are mainly influenced by modelling details, drawing interpretation, rounding processes, and potential human error in both approaches. Overall, the findings demonstrate that BIM provides accurate and efficient quantity estimation; however, its reliability depends on the modeller’s precision. Therefore, both conventional and BIM methods remain complementary and can be used together to enhance accuracy and minimise errors in concrete volume estimation. Keywords: Quantity-Takeoff, BIM, Concrete
ANALISIS DAMPAK LALU LINTAS AKIBAT PEMBANGUNAN LABORATORIUM MEDIS DAN KLINIK PRAMITA KOTA PADANG TERHADAP KINERJA RUAS JALAN DAN PERSIMPANGAN
Pembangunan Laboratorium Medis dan Klinik Pramita di Kota Padang berpotensi menambah bangkitan dan tarikan perjalanan yang memengaruhi kinerja ruas jalan dan persimpangan di sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak lalu lintas akibat pembangunan tersebut pada kondisi eksisting, masa konstruksi, masa operasional, dan proyeksi lima tahun mendatang. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis dampak lalu lintas melalui survei volume kendaraan, identifikasi kondisi jaringan jalan, analisis bangkitan dan tarikan perjalanan, serta evaluasi kinerja ruas jalan dan persimpangan berdasarkan Pedoman Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia 2023. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pada masa operasional nilai V/C ratio Jalan Rasuna Said arah Sudirman sebesar 0,69, arah Khatib Sulaiman 0,62, dan Jalan Batang Anai 0,20. Dalam proyeksi lima tahun mendatang, kinerja Jalan Rasuna Said arah Sudirman menurun menjadi tingkat pelayanan E dengan V/C ratio 0,87, arah Khatib Sulaiman menjadi tingkat pelayanan D dengan V/C ratio 0,79, sedangkan Jalan Batang Anai berada pada tingkat pelayanan B dengan V/C ratio 0,25. Hasil ini menegaskan perlunya manajemen dan rekayasa lalu lintas untuk mengurangi dampak pembangunan terhadap sistem transportasi sekitar.
PENGARUH SUHU PEMBAKARAN ABU SEKAM PADI SEBAGAI SUBTITUSI SEMEN PADA BETON SCC
This study analyzes the effect of combustion temperature of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) as a 10% cement substitute on the performance of Self Compacting Concrete (SCC). An experimental method was applied by burning RHA at 400°C, 500°C, and 600°C, followed by testing fresh properties (filling ability, passing ability, segregation resistance), compressive strength at 7, 14, and 28 days, as well as splitting tensile strength and modulus of elasticity at 28 days. Results confirmed all mixtures met SCC criteria (EFNARC 2005). RHA burned at 600°C yielded the highest compressive strength (18.05 MPa at 7 days; 22.29 MPa at 14 days; 39.07 MPa at 28 days), splitting tensile strength (3.41 MPa), and modulus of elasticity (22,478.25 MPa), exceeding normal concrete. However, higher combustion temperatures reduced flowability (RHA600: 55.3 cm) and passing ability (RHA600: 0.872) while enhancing segregation resistance (15 seconds). It is concluded that 10% substitution of RHA burned at 600°C significantly improves the mechanical properties of SCC despite a slight reduction in workability. Keywords: Rice Husk Ash (RHA), Combustion Temperature, Compressive Strength, Splitting Tensile Strength, Modulus of Elasticity.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ABU SEKAM PADI PADA SEMEN PCC TERHADAP MUTU BETON SCC (SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE)
This study aims to examine the effect of adding rice husk ash (RHA) to Portland Composite Cement (PCC) on the quality of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC), particularly in terms of compressive strength and split tensile strength. RHA, which is rich in silica, was used as an additive with mixture variations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Experimental methods were applied by producing cylindrical specimens (15 × 30 cm), which were then tested for fresh concrete properties using slump flow and L-box tests, as well as mechanical properties through compressive strength and split tensile strength tests at the ages of 28 and 56 days. The results showed that the addition of RHA improved the performance of SCC. The maximum average compressive strength was 35.90 MPa at 28 days and increased to 38.10 MPa at 56 days. Meanwhile, the maximum average split tensile strength was 3.00 MPa at 28 days and 3.18 MPa at 56 days. These findings suggest that RHA can be used as a supplementary material in PCC to enhance the performance of SCC, although further studies are recommended to determine the optimal proportion and potential combination with other additives Keywords: rice husk ash, self-compacting concrete (SCC)
PENGARUH KEHALUSAN FLY ASH TERHADAP SUBTITUSI SEMEN PCC PADA BETON SCC (SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE)
This study aims to analyze the effect of the fineness and percentage of fly ash as a partial substitute for cement on the mechanical properties of Self Compacting Concrete (SCC). Fly ash from PT. Pupuk Sriwidjaja was classified into three fineness zones (Zone 1, 2, and 3) and used as a cement substitute at varying percentages of 5%, 10%, and 15%. The research method employed was an experimental laboratory study involving tests for compressive strength (7, 14, 28 days), split tensile strength (28 days), and modulus of elasticity (28 days). The results indicated that the addition of fly ash improved the workability of fresh concrete, as shown by the slump flow values that met the EFNARC specifications. At 28 days, the compressive strength of the concrete increased with the higher percentage and fineness of fly ash, with the highest value of 44.18 MPa achieved in the mix with 15% Zone 3 fly ash, surpassing the normal concrete (40.05 MPa). Conversely, the split tensile strength of the concrete decreased significantly across all fly ash variations. The modulus of elasticity increased with fly ash usage up to 10%, reaching a peak value of 31,176.27 MPa, but decreased at the 15% substitution level. In conclusion, the fineness and percentage of fly ash significantly influence the mechanical properties of SCC. Fly ash with higher fineness (Zone 3) and at specific percentages (10-15%) can enhance compressive strength and modulus of elasticity, although it reduces split tensile strength. The use of 10% Zone 3 fly ash provides the optimal results for improving the stiffness and compressive strength of SCC. Keywords: Self Compacting Concrete (SCC), Fly Ash, Fineness, Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Modulus of Elasticity
PEMBUATAN SEMEN INSTAN GEOPOLIMER BERBASIS FLY ASH DENGAN SODIUM SILIKAT DARI PASIR SILIKA
The global construction industry faces major challenges related to sustainability and environmental impact, particularly from the use of conventional Portland cement, which emits approximately 0.8 tons of CO₂ per ton of cement produced. As an environmentally friendly alternative, geopolymers have emerged as inorganic polymeric materials formed through the reaction of aluminosilicates with alkaline activators, offering the advantage of utilizing industrial by-products such as fly ash. Fly ash, which is rich in silica (SiO₂) and alumina (Al₂O₃), has been proven to produce materials with high compressive strength, chemical resistance, and excellent thermal stability. However, geopolymerization requires sodium silicate (Na₂SiO₃), which is often costly and dependent on imports in developing countries. The local synthesis of sodium silicate from silica sand is therefore an essential solution, as previous studies have shown comparable effectiveness to commercial sodium silicate. Moreover, the development of instant geopolymer cement in the form of ready-to-use dry powder offers greater efficiency, longer shelf life, and ease of distribution. Based on these considerations, this research was conducted under the title “Development of Instant Geopolymer Cement Based on Fly Ash with Sodium Silicate from Silica Sand” to explore the potential of an environmentally friendly and practical construction material innovation. Keywords: Geopolymer Cement, Fly Ash, Sodium Silicate, Silica Sand, Sustainable Construction
PENGARUH MODULUS KEHALUSAN AGREGAT HALUS TERHADAP BETON MUTU TINGGI SCC
One type of concrete that is now increasingly popular is Self Compacting Concrete (SCC). SCC is concrete that has the ability to flow on its own, filling the mold completely without the need for mechanical vibration. Fine aggregates in concrete play an important role in achieving the quality of SCC concrete. The fineness modulus of fine aggregates, which refers to the size and distribution of aggregate particles, has the potential to affect the performance of the concrete mix. Aggregates with a low fineness modulus have coarser and larger particles. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of variations in the fineness modulus of fine aggregates on the quality of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC). The results of the study show that the fineness modulus of fine aggregate has a significant effect on the compressive strength, tensile strength, and elastic modulus of high-quality SCC concrete. The optimum value was obtained at FM 2.21, with the following average results: Compressive strength: 67.4 MPa, Split tensile strength: 5.19 MPa, Modulus of elasticity: 44.13 GPa. The effect of a smaller FM (finer fine aggregate) resulted in a denser concrete mixture and higher compressive strength. Keywords: SCC; Modulus smoothness; Modulus of elasticity; Tensile strength; Compressive strength
ANALISIS STABILITAS LERENG DI JALAN NASIONAL PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA, DI DESA RAWUA, KECAMATAN SAMPARA, KABUPATEN KONAWE
In Southeast Sulawesi, the Konawe Regency–Kendari City–Sampara District corridor experienced severe flooding in 2019, resulting in road inundation and multiple landslides, including a major failure at Km 22. This study investigates the mechanisms and contributing factors of the landslide by modeling the effects of river water level fluctuations, groundwater level changes, and scouring on slope stability using Slope/W software. The analysis reveals that rising river water levels increase the slope’s safety factor, whereas sudden drawdown conditions significantly reduce it, potentially triggering slope failure. Keywords: Failure, slope stability, Safety factor
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN LIMBAH AMPAS TEBU (BAGASSE ASH) SEBAGAI BAHAN POZZOLAN PADA BETON RINGAN
This study aims to analyze the effect of using sugarcane bagasse ash (BA) as a partial substitute for cement in lightweight concrete mixtures. The experimental method was conducted with variations of BA substitution at 0% (normal), 2.5%, 3.5%, and 4.5% of the cement weight. The tests included slump test, compressive strength at 7, 21, and 28 days, and split tensile strength at 28 days. The results showed that the use of BA up to 4.5% still met the workability requirements according to SNI 1972:2008 with slump values ranging from 7.2-8.2 cm. The optimal compressive strength was achieved at 3.5% BA substitution with values of 8.77 MPa (7 days), 26.31 MPa (21 days), and 28.58 MPa (28 days), representing an increase of 14.8%, 9.0%, and 7.1% respectively compared to normal concrete. Similarly, the split tensile strength reached its highest value of 2.36 MPa at 3.5% BA substitution. The study concludes that 3.5% BA substitution is the optimal proportion for producing lightweight concrete with improved mechanical properties while maintaining good workability. Keywords: compressive strength, lightweight concrete, pozzolan, split tensile strength, sugarcane bagasse ash
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN BIJI PLASTIK SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI AGREGAT HALUS TERHADAP MUTU BETON RINGAN
This research aims to analyze the effect of using recycled plastic granules as a partial substitute for fine aggregate on the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete, with the background of reducing the exploitation of natural aggregate and addressing plastic waste issues. The experimental method involved creating cylindrical concrete test specimens with a design strength of Fc' 25 MPa, which included normal concrete and concrete with fine aggregate substitution by plastic granules at 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Test results showed that the optimal substitution occurred at 7.5%, which produced the highest compressive strength of 25.01 MPa at 28 days, exceeding normal concrete (24.06 MPa), while also providing optimal values for split tensile strength (2.55 MPa) and modulus of elasticity (24,958.55 MPa). While the 5% substitution still showed improvement, the 10% substitution actually caused a decrease in performance. It was concluded that the use of plastic granules as a substitute for fine aggregate up to 7.5% has the potential to produce more environmentally friendly lightweight concrete with better mechanical performance, while substitution above that level is no longer optimal. Keywords: Lightweight Concrete, Plastic Granules, Fine Aggregate Substitution, Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Modulus of Elasticity
KOMPARASI PENENTUAN LOKASI GANGGUAN ANTARA FAULT LOCATOR DAN RELE JARAK PADA PENGHANTAR 150 KV TELUK KUANTAN-RENGAT
Transmission system reliability is an essential factor in maintaining continuous power supply. Accurate and fast fault location identification is necessary to shorten repair time. This study compares two fault location determination methods, namely the Fault Locator based on Traveling Wave Signal (TWS) and the Distance Relay based on impedance on the 150 kV Teluk Kuantan–Rengat transmission line. The results show that the TWS method has a smaller error rate compared to the impedance method. The average error using TWS is 0.42%, while the impedance method shows 1.86%. Thus, the TWS method is more accurate and recommended for use in 150 kV transmission systems. Keywords: fault locator, traveling wave, distance relay, transmission system, fault location
KOMPARASI PENENTUAN LOKASI PEMASANGAN KAPASITOR ANTARA GI. DUMAI DAN GI. BAGAN SIAPI-API
During peak load conditions, significant voltage drops are observed in the Dumai transmission subsystem. The minimum voltages recorded at the Dumai, Bagan Siapi-api, and Dumai Industrial Area substations are 134.7 kV, 133.0 kV, and 131.1 kV, respectively, exceeding the permissible voltage deviation limits. To mitigate this condition, a shunt capacitor is designed and evaluated through modeling and simulation. Analytical and DigSILENT PowerFactory 2021 simulation results indicate that a 25 MVAR shunt capacitor installed at the Bagan Siapi-api Substation provides the most suitable compensation. The installation increases the bus voltage by 8.10 kV to 141.10 kV, corresponding to a voltage deviation of 5.93% from the nominal value. Furthermore, total system losses in the Riau subsystem are reduced from 20.63 MW and −352.8 MVAR to 19.88 MW and −366.8 MVAR, or reduction 0,75 MW. These results confirm that shunt capacitor integration effectively improves voltage profiles while reducing reactive power flow and system losses. Keywords: shunt capacitor, substation, voltage drop, DIgSILENT PowerFactory 2021, voltage improvement, system losses
PERANCANGAN DESAIN UI/UX SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN UMKM WARUNG OMBAY MALA
The rapid advancement of information technology in the digital era provides significant opportunities for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to enhance efficiency and competitiveness through the utilization of digital-based systems. However, Warung Ombay Mala, a culinary SME selling chicken meatball soup, tekwan, and model, still manages its transactions and sales records manually. This situation often leads to challenges in data management, inventory control, and the preparation of financial reports. Therefore, a management information system is needed to support operational processes in a more structured and accurate manner. An essential stage in the system development process is the design of the user interface and user experience (UI/UX), which ensures that the system is easy to use for both the owner and employees. This study aims to design the UI/UX for the Management Information System of Warung Ombay Mala by conducting user needs analysis, developing wireframes, creating prototypes, and testing the design using usability testing principles. The design focuses on producing an interface that is simple, interactive, and functional while also supporting the process of determining the cost of production using the Full Costing method. The results of the study show that the digitally based ordering system design significantly simplifies transaction processes for both customers and the business owner. The resulting UI/UX design meets user needs through its intuitive, consistent, and responsive layout. Features such as menu ordering, topping customization, digital payment options, and order receipt printing successfully enhance the efficiency of the ordering workflow. Overall, this design has strong potential to improve service quality, reduce recording errors, and promote sustainable digitalization for SMEs. Keywords: UI/UX, Information System, SME, Warung Ombay Mala, Digitalization
PEMODELAN TRANSIEN ELEKTROMAGNETIK SUB SISTEM GITET NEW AUR DURI
Electromagnetic transient modeling is an analytical method used to understand the transition phenomena that occur in electric power systems due to disturbances, such as short circuits, switching, and lightning. This study aims to conduct electromagnetic transient modeling on the GITET New Aur Duri subsystem to determine the characteristics of the system's response to transient conditions. The method used is system modeling using electric power system simulation software by entering network component parameters such as transmission lines, transformers, and voltage sources. The simulation results show that transient phenomena can cause rapid changes in voltage and current in a very short time. Therefore, this modeling is important to help analyze and understand system behavior so that it can improve the reliability and safety of electric power system operations on the GITET New Aur Duri subsystem. Keywords: electromagnetic transients, EMTP/ transient simulation, electric power systems, GITET New Aur Duri, power system disturbances, system modeling.
OPTIMALISASI PENGGANTIAN kWh METER RUSAK UNTUK MENURUNKAN SUSUT ENERGI NON TEKNIS DI PT PLN (Persero) UP3 SOLOK
Susut energi non teknis merupakan salah satu kendala utama dalam distribusi tenaga listrik yang berdampak pada kerugian finansial perusahaan. Salah satu penyebab utama susut non teknis adalah penggunaan kWh meter rusak meliputi buram atau macet, sehingga energi yang dikonsumsi pelanggan tidak terukur secara akurat. Penelitian ini menganalisa pengaruh penggantian kWh meter rusak terhadap penurunan persentase susut energi non teknis dan menghitung potensi penyelamatan energi (kWh) di wilayah kerja UP3 Solok. Program penggantian kWh meter ini efektif memberikan saving energy untuk PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Solok Kata kunci : kWh Meter Rusak, Susut Non Teknis, Optimalisasi, PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Solok, Penyelamatan Energi.